The European Convention Articles | AQA A-Level Law (7162)
The European Convention Articles
- 206 questions
- 14 subtopics
- Paper 3: human rights, one of two options
- Paper 3
Articles 2, 5, 8, 10 and 11 in detail — the right to life, liberty and security, private and family life, expression, and assembly and association..
It covers freedom of Association and Its Limits, article 2: Justified Deprivation of Life, article 5: Lawful Arrest and Detention, article 8: Private and Family Life, article 11: What It Protects, article 2: Negative and Positive Obligations, the Article 2.2 Exceptions in Detail, article 5.1: Liberty and Security of Person, detention under Article 5.1(a) to (c), article 5.2 to 5.5: Information and Review, article 10.1: Freedom of Expression, which Paragraphs Permit Restriction, the Grounds for Lawful Detention and enforcing Rights in Strasbourg and by Judicial Review.
Sample questions from The European Convention Articles
Answer each one closed book first, then open the answer.
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Freedom of Association and Its Limits
How can public safety serve as a justification for restricting Article 11 rights?
Show the answer
Public safety is a legitimate aim under Article 11.2, allowing restrictions where necessary to protect the physical safety of the public. -
Article 2: Justified Deprivation of Life
Why does Article 2.2 require that action taken to quell a riot or insurrection must be 'lawfully taken' for the exception to apply?
Show the answer
Because the use of force must have a proper legal basis and be conducted within the bounds of the law; otherwise, the deprivation of life would not be justified under the Convention. -
Article 8: Private and Family Life
Name the first of the four distinct protected interests encompassed by Article 8.1 ECHR, relating to personal autonomy and identity.
Show the answer
Private life. -
Article 11: What It Protects
Which legitimate aim under Article 11.2 allows restrictions to safeguard public health or moral standards?
Show the answer
Protection of health or morals. -
The Article 2.2 Exceptions in Detail
Under Article 2.2, in what situation involving public disorder may deprivation of life be justified?
Show the answer
When it results from the use of force which is no more than absolutely necessary in action lawfully taken for the purpose of quelling a riot or insurrection. -
Article 5.1: Liberty and Security of Person
How do the effects of a measure help determine whether Article 5.1 is engaged?
Show the answer
The effects on the individual are considered as part of assessing the degree and intensity of the interference to determine if it amounts to deprivation of liberty. -
Article 5.2 to 5.5: Information and Review
How quickly must a person detained on suspicion of an offence be brought before a judicial officer under Article 5.3?
Show the answer
Promptly. -
Article 10.1: Freedom of Expression
Does Article 10 protect only information and ideas that are favourably received?
Show the answer
No. It extends to information and ideas that offend, shock or disturb, because pluralism and tolerance require it.
The 14 subtopics
One subtopic is one session. Work down the list.
| Subtopic | What it covers | Questions |
|---|---|---|
| Freedom of Association and Its Limits | Recall questions on the freedoms protected by Article 11.1, the groups it covers and the three cumulative requirements a restriction must meet. | 12 |
| Article 2: Justified Deprivation of Life | Recall questions on the sole circumstance permitting intentional deprivation and on the standard the use of force must meet under Article 2.2. | 10 |
| Article 5: Lawful Arrest and Detention | Recall questions on detention after conviction, the grounds under 5.1(b) and 5.1(c), and what an arrested person must be told. | 10 |
| Article 8: Private and Family Life | Recall questions on the protection given to private life, family relationships, the home and correspondence. | 14 |
| Article 11: What It Protects | Recall questions on the rights of peaceful assembly and of association and on how each is defined. | 18 |
| Article 2: Negative and Positive Obligations | Recall questions on the state's negative and positive duties under Article 2, effective criminal law and investigation, the Osman test for the operational duty, when life begins and whether there is a right to die. | 17 |
| The Article 2.2 Exceptions in Detail | Recall questions on defence from unlawful violence, the detention-related purposes and the quelling of a riot or insurrection. | 11 |
| Article 5.1: Liberty and Security of Person | Recall questions on the right guaranteed, what it protects against, the limits of security of person and whether the right is absolute. | 13 |
| Detention under Article 5.1(a) to (c) | Recall questions on detention after conviction by a competent court, detention under Article 5.1(b) for breach of a court order or legal obligation, the grounds in Article 5.1(c), lawfulness and reasonable suspicion. | 16 |
| Article 5.2 to 5.5: Information and Review | Recall questions on how quickly and in what language an arrested person must be informed, and what else they must be told. | 16 |
| Article 10.1: Freedom of Expression | Recall questions on the article guaranteeing expression, whether it covers holding opinions and why, and the freedom to receive information. | 19 |
| Which Paragraphs Permit Restriction | Recall questions on the rights protected by Article 11.1 and on the provisions allowing restriction of Articles 8, 10 and 11. | 16 |
| The Grounds for Lawful Detention | Recall questions on the right Article 5.1 protects and on the circumstances permitted under sub-paragraphs (a), (b) and (c). | 19 |
| Enforcing Rights in Strasbourg and by Judicial Review | Recall questions on exhausting domestic remedies before going to Strasbourg, the binding effect and remedies of European Court of Human Rights judgments, the role of domestic courts, and judicial review of public authorities. | 15 |
How the guide is worked
Answering a question from memory stores it far better than reading the answer again. The guide runs that as a fixed procedure on one subtopic at a time, about twenty minutes a session.
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Step 1 · Closed book
Cover the answers. Work through one subtopic and write down what you can. Leave blanks where you have nothing.
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Step 2 · Open book
Go back to the top. Read each printed answer and write it out in full, including the ones you had right.
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Step 3 · Closed book again
Same questions, same order, from memory. The gap between pass one and pass three is the session result.
Read the full method, the return schedule and the research behind it.
Nearby topics
AQA A-Level Law Active Recall Guide
Every topic, not just this one. 2,352 questions with their answers.