Levers, Newton's Laws and Stability | Edexcel A-Level Physical Education (9PE0)
Levers, Newton's Laws and Stability
- 59 questions
- 4 subtopics
- Component 1: scientific principles of physical education
- Component 1
Levers, Newton's Laws and Stability is examined in Component 1, Scientific principles of physical education.
It covers lever systems in the body, mechanical advantage and disadvantage of levers, Newton's laws of motion and force calculations and centre of mass and stability.
Sample questions from Levers, Newton's Laws and Stability
Answer each one closed book first, then open the answer.
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Lever systems in the body
How is a third-class lever arranged?
Show the answer
A third-class lever has the effort between the fulcrum and the load. -
Lever systems in the body
Which class of lever operates at the knee as a player kicks a ball?
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Knee extension is a third-class lever. The quadriceps pull on the tibia just below the knee, between the joint and the weight of the lower leg. -
Mechanical advantage and disadvantage of levers
What is the drawback of a second-class lever?
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A second-class lever moves the load slowly and through only a small range of movement. -
Mechanical advantage and disadvantage of levers
Why does a longer racket or bat let a player hit the ball faster?
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A longer implement lengthens the resistance arm. The far end travels further in the same time, so it strikes the ball at a higher speed. -
Newton's laws of motion and force calculations
How does Newton's second law apply to a sprinter leaving the blocks?
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A harder push against the blocks produces a larger ground reaction force. The larger the resultant force, the greater the sprinter's acceleration. -
Newton's laws of motion and force calculations
Calculate the weight of a 60 kg gymnast.
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The gymnast's weight is 588.6 N, acting downwards. Weight = mass × 9.81 m s⁻² = 60 kg × 9.81 m s⁻² = 588.6 N. -
Centre of mass and stability
What is the base of support?
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The base of support is the area enclosed by the points of contact with the ground or apparatus. -
Centre of mass and stability
How does the number of points of contact affect stability?
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More points of contact usually give a larger base of support and more stability. A gymnast is steadier in a headstand than in a handstand.
The 4 subtopics
One subtopic is one session. Work down the list.
| Subtopic | What it covers | Questions |
|---|---|---|
| Lever systems in the body | The effort, fulcrum and load of a lever, first-, second- and third-class arrangements and how to identify them, levers at the neck, elbow, ankle, knee and hip, and why third-class levers are the most common. | 14 |
| Mechanical advantage and disadvantage of levers | Effort arm and resistance arm, calculating mechanical advantage at the ankle and elbow, the biceps force to hold a dumbbell, the trade-offs of second- and third-class levers, rackets and bats, the deadlift and the javelin thrower's shoulder. | 14 |
| Newton's laws of motion and force calculations | Newton's first, second and third laws with a penalty kick, a sprint start and a swimmer's turn, inertia, force and momentum, resultant and balanced forces, and worked weight, reaction, resultant force and acceleration calculations. | 16 |
| Centre of mass and stability | The centre of mass and how it moves, the line of gravity, the base of support, height, body mass and points of contact, the sprinter's set position, the goalkeeper's stance, the rugby player before contact and the trade-off with mobility. | 15 |
How the guide is worked
Answering a question from memory stores it far better than reading the answer again. The guide runs that as a fixed procedure on one subtopic at a time, about twenty minutes a session.
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Step 1 · Closed book
Cover the answers. Work through one subtopic and write down what you can. Leave blanks where you have nothing.
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Step 2 · Open book
Go back to the top. Read each printed answer and write it out in full, including the ones you had right.
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Step 3 · Closed book again
Same questions, same order, from memory. The gap between pass one and pass three is the session result.
Read the full method, the return schedule and the research behind it.
Nearby topics
Edexcel A-Level Physical Education Active Recall Guide
Every topic, not just this one. 2,108 questions with their answers.