Y319: Civil Rights in the USA 1865-1992 | OCR A-Level History A (H505)

Y319: Civil Rights in the USA 1865-1992

140 questions
12 subtopics
Thematic study and historical interpretations, one of twenty-one
Y301 to Y321

Civil Rights in the USA 1865–1992 is unit Y319 of OCR History A, one of the twenty-one options in unit group 3, the thematic study and historical interpretations; a student sits one of them.

Its four key topics and three depth studies are African Americans, trade Union and Labour Rights, Native American Indians, women, civil rights in the Gilded Age c.1875–c.1895, the New Deal and civil rights, Malcolm X and Black Power. 140 recall questions across 12 subtopics.

Sample questions from Y319: Civil Rights in the USA 1865-1992

Answer each one closed book first, then open the answer.

African Americans: position in 1865 and Civil Rights Movement to 1992

State what the Fourteenth Amendment of 1868 established.

Show the answer
It made everyone born in the United States a citizen, and forbade any state to deny due process of law or the equal protection of the laws, which became the constitutional foundation for almost all later civil rights litigation.
Trade Union and Labour Rights: unions from 1865 to the 1890s

What happened at Haymarket Square in 1886 and why did it damage the labour movement?

Show the answer
During a Chicago rally in support of the eight-hour day a bomb killed a policeman, and the trial and execution of anarchist organisers on almost no evidence allowed employers and the press to identify unionism with foreign terrorism, choking off recruitment for a generation.
Trade Union and Labour Rights: the World Wars, the New Deal and the Reagan era

What did organised labour gain from the Clayton Act of 1914, and why was the gain limited?

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The Act declared that human labour is not an article of commerce and appeared to exempt unions from antitrust prosecution, which Gompers hailed as labour's charter, but the courts read the exemption narrowly and continued to grant injunctions against strikes and boycotts through the 1920s.
Native American Indians: position in 1865, impact of the Plains Wars and impact of the Dawes Act 1887

How did the destruction of the buffalo end Plains resistance?

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Commercial hide hunters, aided by the railroads and encouraged by army officers who saw the herds as the Indians' commissary, reduced tens of millions of animals to fewer than a thousand by the mid-1880s, removing the food, clothing, shelter and trade goods on which independent Plains life depended.
Women: position in 1865, temperance and the suffrage campaign

Explain Carrie Chapman Catt's Winning Plan.

Show the answer
Adopted by NAWSA in 1916, it committed the movement to fight for a federal amendment while simultaneously targeting winnable state referendums and pressing state legislatures, coordinating the whole effort centrally rather than letting local societies act independently.
Women: New Deal, rise of feminism and its opponents, changing economic and employment opportunities

Explain the significance of The Feminine Mystique in 1963.

Show the answer
Betty Friedan's book named the dissatisfaction of educated suburban housewives as a social problem rather than a personal failing, sold in enormous numbers, and gave a language and a constituency to the liberal feminism that produced the National Organization for Women in 1966.
Depth study: Civil rights in the ‘Gilded Age’ c.1875–c.1895 — Westward Expansion, sectional divides and Populism

Give three African American responses to Gilded Age conditions.

Show the answer
Around fifteen thousand Exodusters left the South for Kansas in 1879 to escape Redeemer rule, Booker T Washington built Tuskegee from 1881 as a strategy of economic self-help, and Ida B Wells launched an investigative anti-lynching campaign from 1892 that used statistics to demolish the claim that lynching punished rape.
Depth study: The New Deal and civil rights — minorities, women and workers under Roosevelt

Why did some African Americans call the National Recovery Administration the Negro Removal Act?

Show the answer
Its codes set minimum wages that gave employers an incentive to replace Black workers with white ones, permitted lower regional rates in the South, and excluded the agricultural and domestic occupations in which most Black workers were employed, so the measure could raise white wages while costing Black workers their jobs.

The 12 subtopics

One subtopic is one session. Work down the list.

Subtopic	What it covers	Questions
African Americans: position in 1865 and Civil Rights Movement to 1992	Recall questions on their position in 1865, Reconstruction, white reaction and discrimination, the role of African Americans in gaining civil rights, the roles of Federal and State governments in the struggle, the role of anti and pro-civil rights groups.	20
Trade Union and Labour Rights: unions from 1865 to the 1890s	Recall questions on the legal position of unions in 1865, the Knights of Labor, Haymarket, the AFL, immigration, industrialisation and skilled workers, the railroad strike of 1877, Homestead and Pullman, and antitrust law.	9
Trade Union and Labour Rights: the World Wars, the New Deal and the Reagan era	Recall questions on the IWW, the Clayton Act, the First World War and the 1920s, New Deal labour law and the CIO, the Second World War, Taft-Hartley, the 1960s, Cesar Chavez and the Reagan era.	11
Native American Indians: position in 1865, impact of the Plains Wars and impact of the Dawes Act 1887	Recall questions on their position in 1865, the impact of the Plains Wars and the impact of the Dawes Act 1887.	10
Native American Indians: Native Americans and the Supreme Court, Native American pressure groups	Recall questions on Native Americans and the Supreme Court, Native American pressure groups.	10
Women: position in 1865, temperance and the suffrage campaign	Recall questions on women’s position in 1865, the split of 1869, Minor v Happersett, western suffrage, temperance and prohibition, the Winning Plan and National Woman’s Party, the Nineteenth Amendment and its effects, and the Equal Rights Amendment.	11
Women: New Deal, rise of feminism and its opponents, changing economic and employment opportunities	Recall questions on the New Deal, the World Wars, the rise of feminism and its opponents, changing economic and employment opportunities.	9
Depth study: Civil rights in the ‘Gilded Age’ c.1875–c.1895 — Nature and extent of progress	Recall questions on nature and extent of progress in civil rights in this era, the varied impact of industrialisation on women.	8
Depth study: Civil rights in the ‘Gilded Age’ c.1875–c.1895 — Westward Expansion, sectional divides and Populism	Recall questions on African American responses, Westward Expansion for Native Americans, women and workers, Turner and the New Western History, north-south and east-west divides, Populism and its historians, labour disputes and verdicts on the era.	12
Depth study: The New Deal and civil rights — minorities, women and workers under Roosevelt	Recall questions on African Americans, women, Native Americans and unions by 1932, Roosevelt’s motives, the Black Cabinet and anti-lynching, the AAA and NRA, Social Security, the Indian New Deal, the Wagner Act and historians’ views.	20
Depth study: Malcolm X and Black Power — Malcolm X as a civil rights leader	Recall questions on Malcolm X as a civil rights leader.	9
Depth study: Malcolm X and Black Power — reasons for the rise of Black Power	Recall questions on reasons for the rise of Black Power.	11

Y319: Civil Rights in the USA 1865-1992 is 140 of the 6,240 questions in the guide.Get the guide, £8

How the guide is worked

Answering a question from memory stores it far better than reading the answer again. The guide runs that as a fixed procedure on one subtopic at a time, about twenty minutes a session.

Step 1 · Closed book
Cover the answers. Work through one subtopic and write down what you can. Leave blanks where you have nothing.
Step 2 · Open book
Go back to the top. Read each printed answer and write it out in full, including the ones you had right.
Step 3 · Closed book again
Same questions, same order, from memory. The gap between pass one and pass three is the session result.

Read the full method, the return schedule and the research behind it.