Look inside the OCR A-Level Physics B (Advancing Physics) guide (H557)

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Look inside the OCR A-Level Physics B (Advancing Physics) guide

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OCR · A-Level · H557
Physics B
Active Recall Guide
2,455 questions
Physics BContents
Contents
21 topics, 168 subtopics
  1. Planning45
  2. Implementing46
  3. Analysis51
  4. Evaluation45
  5. Practical Skills75
  6. Use of Apparatus and Techniques94
  7. Fundamental Data Analysis89
  8. Imaging and Signalling170
  9. Sensing175
  10. Mechanical Properties of Materials125
  11. Waves and Quantum Behaviour179
  12. Space, Time and Motion204
  13. and 9 more
ii
ImplementingQuestions
Implementing
Using apparatus and techniques correctly
  1. What is parallax error and how is it avoided when reading a scale?
  2. Where in a circuit is an ammeter connected, and where is a voltmeter?
  3. Why should a voltmeter have a very high resistance?
  4. Why should an ammeter have a very low resistance?
  5. Why is apparatus clamped to a stand rather than held by hand while readings are taken?
  6. What must be done before a thermometer reading is taken?
  7. How should the volume of water in a measuring cylinder be read?
  8. How is a set square used when apparatus must be vertical or horizontal?
  9. What does a plumb line establish, and how?
12
ImplementingAnswers
Answers
Using apparatus and techniques correctly
  1. It is the error caused by viewing a scale from an angle, and it is avoided by placing the eye directly in line with the mark being read, using a mirror scale or a set square where one is available.
  2. The ammeter is connected in series with the component so the same current passes through it, and the voltmeter is connected in parallel across the component.
  3. So that it draws almost no current from the circuit and therefore does not change the potential difference it is measuring.
  4. So that it adds almost no resistance to the circuit and therefore does not reduce the current it is measuring.
  5. A hand cannot hold a position steady, so the quantity being measured drifts while the reading is taken and the arrangement cannot be reproduced for the next reading.
  6. The bulb must be fully immersed in the substance and left long enough for the thermometer to reach the same temperature as it.
  7. The cylinder is placed on a level surface and the bottom of the meniscus is read with the eye at the same height as the liquid surface.
  8. One edge is placed along the bench or a rule and the other against the apparatus, so that the right angle shows whether the apparatus is truly perpendicular to it.
  9. It establishes the true vertical, because a mass hanging freely on a thread settles along the direction of the gravitational force.
13
SensingQuestions
Sensing
Potential difference, e.m.f. and energy transfer
  1. Define potential difference.
  2. State the relationship for potential difference in terms of work and charge.
  3. Define the volt.
  4. Define the e.m.f. of a source.
  5. State the difference between e.m.f. and potential difference.
  6. Why is the symbol ε used for e.m.f. rather than E?
  7. A lamp transfers 36 J of energy when 3.0 C passes through it. Calculate the potential difference across it.
  8. Calculate the energy transferred when 20 C passes through a potential difference of 4.0 V.
  9. A charge of 5.0 C gains 30 J of energy in passing through a cell. State the e.m.f. of the cell.
34
SensingAnswers
Answers
Potential difference, e.m.f. and energy transfer
  1. Potential difference is the energy transferred from the circuit per unit charge passing between two points.
  2. V = W/Q, in volts when the work is in joules and the charge in coulombs.
  3. One volt is one joule per coulomb.
  4. The e.m.f. is the energy transferred to the circuit by the source per unit charge passing through it.
  5. E.m.f. is the energy given to each coulomb by the source, while potential difference is the energy given up by each coulomb in part of the circuit.
  6. E is already used for energy and for electric field strength, so ε is used to avoid confusion.
  7. V = 36/3.0 = 12 V.
  8. W = QV = 20 × 4.0 = 80 J.
  9. The e.m.f. is 30/5.0 = 6.0 V.
35
Matter: Very SimpleQuestions
Matter: Very Simple
Energy transfer and specific thermal capacity
  1. What is meant by the specific thermal capacity of a substance?
  2. Give the SI unit of specific thermal capacity.
  3. In the relationship ΔE = mcΔθ, what does each quantity represent?
  4. Why may the temperature change in ΔE = mcΔθ be given in kelvin or in degrees Celsius without altering the answer?
  5. A mass of 0.50 kg of water is heated from 20 °C to 100 °C. Taking c as 4200 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹, calculate the energy transferred.
  6. An aluminium block of mass 1.0 kg and specific thermal capacity 900 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ absorbs 14 400 J. Calculate its temperature rise.
  7. Water has a specific thermal capacity of about 4200 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ and copper about 390 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹. For the same energy per kilogram, which warms faster and by roughly what factor?
  8. Explain why coastal towns have smaller seasonal temperature swings than places far inland.
  9. Besides the energy supplied, which two quantities must be measured to find a specific thermal capacity experimentally?
56
Matter: Very SimpleAnswers
Answers
Energy transfer and specific thermal capacity
  1. It is the energy needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of the substance by one kelvin.
  2. It is J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹.
  3. ΔE is the energy transferred, m the mass of the sample, c its specific thermal capacity and Δθ the temperature change.
  4. A change of one kelvin is the same size as a change of one degree Celsius, so only the zero of the scale differs and a difference is unaffected.
  5. The energy transferred is 0.50 × 4200 × 80 = 1.7 × 10⁵ J.
  6. The rise is 14 400 ÷ (1.0 × 900) = 16 K.
  7. Copper warms about eleven times faster, because its specific thermal capacity is roughly eleven times smaller.
  8. Water has a large specific thermal capacity, so the sea absorbs and releases a great deal of energy for only a small temperature change and moderates the air near it.
  9. The mass of the sample and its temperature change must be measured.
57
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168 subtopics

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2,455 questions
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  1. Step 1 · Closed book

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  2. Step 2 · Open book

    Go back to the top. Read each printed answer and write it out in full, including the ones you had right.

  3. Step 3 · Closed book again

    Same questions, same order, from memory. The gap between pass one and pass three is the session result.

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