Look inside the AQA GCSE Combined Science Trilogy Chemistry, Foundation tier guide (8464)

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AQA · GCSE · 8464
Combined Chemistry Foundation
Active Recall Guide
1,039 questions
Combined Chemistry FoundationContents
Contents
10 topics, 67 subtopics
  1. Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table188
  2. Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter171
  3. Chemical Analysis51
  4. Chemical Changes132
  5. Chemistry of the Atmosphere115
  6. Energy Changes47
  7. Organic Chemistry84
  8. Quantitative Chemistry58
  9. The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change96
  10. Using Resources97
ii
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of MatterQuestions
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Chemical bonds, including metallic bonding
  1. What are the three types of strong chemical bond?
  2. In ionic bonding, what kind of particles are held together?
  3. In covalent bonding, what do the particles do with their electrons?
  4. In metallic bonding, what do the atoms share?
  5. What type of bonding is found in a compound made from a metal and a non-metal?
  6. Magnesium oxide is made from magnesium and oxygen. Name its type of bonding and give a reason.
  7. What type of bonding is found in most non-metallic elements?
  8. Name the type of bonding in a compound formed from two non-metals.
  9. Which type of bonding occurs in a metallic element such as copper?
12
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of MatterAnswers
Answers
Chemical bonds, including metallic bonding
  1. Ionic, covalent and metallic.
  2. Oppositely charged ions.
  3. They are atoms that share pairs of electrons.
  4. Delocalised electrons that are spread through the whole structure.
  5. Ionic bonding.
  6. Ionic bonding, because it is a compound of a metal with a non-metal.
  7. Covalent bonding.
  8. Covalent bonding.
  9. Metallic bonding.
13
Chemistry of the AtmosphereQuestions
Chemistry of the Atmosphere
How oxygen increased and carbon dioxide decreased
  1. Which process produced the oxygen that is now in the atmosphere?
  2. State the word equation for photosynthesis.
  3. State the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis.
  4. Which two substances are used up in photosynthesis?
  5. Which organisms first produced oxygen, and roughly when?
  6. What happened to oxygen in the atmosphere soon after algae began to photosynthesise?
  7. What evolved during the billion years after algae first appeared?
  8. Explain why animals could only evolve long after algae appeared.
  9. How did algae and plants reduce the percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
34
Chemistry of the AtmosphereAnswers
Answers
How oxygen increased and carbon dioxide decreased
  1. Photosynthesis by algae and plants.
  2. Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen.
  3. 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.
  4. Carbon dioxide and water.
  5. Algae, about 2.7 billion years ago.
  6. Oxygen began to appear in the atmosphere and its percentage started to rise.
  7. Plants evolved, and they added far more oxygen to the atmosphere.
  8. The percentage of oxygen had to increase gradually to a level high enough to support animal life.
  9. They removed carbon dioxide from the air to use in photosynthesis.
35
Quantitative ChemistryQuestions
Quantitative Chemistry
Conservation of mass and balanced chemical equations
  1. State the law of conservation of mass.
  2. In a reaction carried out in a sealed flask, 8 g of one reactant reacts completely with 12 g of another to give a single product. What mass of product forms?
  3. 24 g of magnesium reacts completely with oxygen to form 40 g of magnesium oxide. What mass of oxygen reacted?
  4. Explain why the total mass inside a sealed container does not change when a reaction happens in it.
  5. Explain why chemical reactions can be represented by balanced symbol equations.
  6. What does it mean to say that a symbol equation is balanced?
  7. Give the balancing numbers needed for the equation H₂ + O₂ → H₂O.
  8. Write the balanced symbol equation for methane burning in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
  9. What is the difference between a number written in normal script in front of a formula and a number written in subscript inside a formula?
56
Quantitative ChemistryAnswers
Answers
Conservation of mass and balanced chemical equations
  1. No atoms are lost or made during a chemical reaction, so the total mass of the products equals the total mass of the reactants.
  2. 20 g, because the mass of the product must equal the total mass of the reactants.
  3. 16 g, since the mass of the product equals the total mass of the reactants.
  4. The atoms present are only rearranged into new substances, and none are lost or made, so the total mass stays the same.
  5. Because no atoms are lost or made, the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both sides of the equation.
  6. There are the same numbers of atoms of each element on the left-hand side as on the right-hand side.
  7. 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.
  8. CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O.
  9. A number in front multiplies the whole formula that follows it, while a subscript multiplies only the atom or bracketed group it comes after.
57
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1,039
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67 subtopics

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1,039 questions
Across 67 subtopics, every one of them from specification 8464.
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Print it, or work from a screen with a notebook beside you.
Answers after, not beside
Covering the answers is a matter of not turning the page, which is what makes the closed-book pass possible.

How the guide is worked

Answering a question from memory stores it far better than reading the answer again. The guide runs that as a fixed procedure on one subtopic at a time, about twenty minutes a session.

  1. Step 1 · Closed book

    Cover the answers. Work through one subtopic and write down what you can. Leave blanks where you have nothing.

  2. Step 2 · Open book

    Go back to the top. Read each printed answer and write it out in full, including the ones you had right.

  3. Step 3 · Closed book again

    Same questions, same order, from memory. The gap between pass one and pass three is the session result.

Read the full method, the return schedule and the research behind it.

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