Motivation and Achievement Motivation | AQA A-Level Physical Education (7582)
Motivation and Achievement Motivation
- 58 questions
- 4 subtopics
- Paper 2: Factors affecting optimal performance in physical activity and sport
- Paper 2
Motivation and Achievement Motivation is examined in Paper 2, Factors affecting optimal performance in physical activity and sport.
It covers intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, Atkinson's model: need to achieve and need to avoid failure, incentive value and probability of success and achievement goal theory and approach behaviour.
Sample questions from Motivation and Achievement Motivation
Answer each one closed book first, then open the answer.
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Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
What is a tangible reward?
Show the answer
A tangible reward is a physical reward that can be touched. Medals, trophies, certificates and prize money are tangible rewards. -
Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
How should a coach use extrinsic rewards to best effect?
Show the answer
Rewards should be used sparingly and linked to genuine achievement. The coach should reduce rewards gradually as intrinsic motivation develops. -
Atkinson's model: need to achieve and need to avoid failure
Describe the characteristics of a performer high in Naf.
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A high-Naf performer avoids challenges, gives up easily and dislikes being evaluated. The performer shows avoidance behaviour and dwells on the shame of losing. -
Atkinson's model: need to achieve and need to avoid failure
A swimmer claims to be injured just before facing a much stronger rival. What does this suggest about the swimmer's achievement motivation?
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The behaviour suggests a high need to avoid failure. A claimed injury lets the swimmer avoid being judged on a defeat. -
Incentive value and probability of success
Taking incentive value as 1 minus the probability of success, compare a local race a runner rates at 0.9 probability of winning with a county race rated at 0.4.
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The county race has the higher incentive value, by 0.5. The county race gives 1 − 0.4 = 0.6 and the local race gives 1 − 0.9 = 0.1. -
Incentive value and probability of success
A national-level sprinter is drawn to race the reigning world champion. Explain the situational factors.
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The probability of winning is low, so the incentive value of victory is very high. The race appeals to a high-Nach sprinter but threatens a high-Naf one. -
Achievement goal theory and approach behaviour
What is the impact of outcome-orientated goals on a performer who loses?
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A defeat is seen as failure, even after a good performance, so confidence and motivation fall. The performer may develop avoidance behaviour or drop out. -
Achievement goal theory and approach behaviour
How can positive reinforcement develop approach behaviour?
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Praise for success and effort builds pride and confidence. The performer then becomes keen to take on further challenges.
The 4 subtopics
One subtopic is one session. Work down the list.
| Subtopic | What it covers | Questions |
|---|---|---|
| Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation | Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, tangible and intangible rewards, using rewards well, and balancing motivation with arousal. | 14 |
| Atkinson's model: need to achieve and need to avoid failure | Atkinson's model of achievement motivation, the need to achieve and the need to avoid failure, and how each type behaves in competition. | 15 |
| Incentive value and probability of success | Probability of success and incentive value, worked comparisons of races, how Nach and Naf performers respond, and how a coach alters the situation. | 14 |
| Achievement goal theory and approach behaviour | Achievement goal theory, outcome-orientated and task-orientated goals, and developing approach behaviour through reinforcement and feedback. | 15 |
How the guide is worked
Answering a question from memory stores it far better than reading the answer again. The guide runs that as a fixed procedure on one subtopic at a time, about twenty minutes a session.
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Step 1 · Closed book
Cover the answers. Work through one subtopic and write down what you can. Leave blanks where you have nothing.
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Step 2 · Open book
Go back to the top. Read each printed answer and write it out in full, including the ones you had right.
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Step 3 · Closed book again
Same questions, same order, from memory. The gap between pass one and pass three is the session result.
Read the full method, the return schedule and the research behind it.
Nearby topics
AQA A-Level Physical Education Active Recall Guide
Every topic, not just this one. 2,084 questions with their answers.