Social Facilitation and Group Dynamics | AQA A-Level Physical Education (7582)
Social Facilitation and Group Dynamics
- 61 questions
- 4 subtopics
- Paper 2: Factors affecting optimal performance in physical activity and sport
- Paper 2
Social Facilitation and Group Dynamics is examined in Paper 2, Factors affecting optimal performance in physical activity and sport.
It covers Zajonc's model of social facilitation, evaluation apprehension and coping with an audience, Tuckman's model and team cohesion and Steiner's model, the Ringelmann effect and social loafing.
Sample questions from Social Facilitation and Group Dynamics
Answer each one closed book first, then open the answer.
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Zajonc's model of social facilitation
What are competitive co-actors and social reinforcers?
Show the answer
Competitive co-actors are performers in direct competition, such as the other runners in a race. Social reinforcers are people who give feedback or encouragement, such as a coach or teammates. -
Zajonc's model of social facilitation
Why might a novice gymnast perform worse at a club display than in training?
Show the answer
The audience raises the gymnast's arousal and brings out the dominant response. A novice's dominant response is still incorrect, so errors increase. -
Evaluation apprehension and coping with an audience
Which performers are most affected by evaluation apprehension?
Show the answer
Novices, performers with high trait anxiety and those with low self-confidence are most affected. Introverts are also more sensitive to being judged. -
Evaluation apprehension and coping with an audience
How can stress management techniques reduce the adverse effects of an audience?
Show the answer
Imagery, positive self-talk and breathing control lower the anxiety caused by being watched. The performer then stays closer to optimal arousal. -
Tuckman's model and team cohesion
What happens at the performing stage?
Show the answer
The performing stage is when the group works together effectively towards shared goals. Roles are accepted, and communication and productivity are at their best. -
Tuckman's model and team cohesion
Which type of cohesion matters more for team performance?
Show the answer
Task cohesion is usually more important for successful performance. A team can win with low social cohesion if members commit to the same goals. -
Steiner's model, the Ringelmann effect and social loafing
Why does cooperation matter to group productivity?
Show the answer
Cooperation means players work together and help each other rather than acting as individuals. High cooperation reduces faulty processes and brings actual productivity closer to potential. -
Steiner's model, the Ringelmann effect and social loafing
Who first described social loafing, and when?
Show the answer
Bibb Latané and colleagues described social loafing in 1979.
The 4 subtopics
One subtopic is one session. Work down the list.
| Subtopic | What it covers | Questions |
|---|---|---|
| Zajonc's model of social facilitation | Social facilitation and inhibition, Zajonc's model and the four types of others, arousal and the dominant response, and audience size and attitude. | 15 |
| Evaluation apprehension and coping with an audience | Cottrell's evaluation apprehension, which audiences and performers are most affected, and strategies from practice to pre-performance routines. | 14 |
| Tuckman's model and team cohesion | Tuckman's forming, storming, norming and performing stages, task and social cohesion, and strategies to improve cohesion. | 16 |
| Steiner's model, the Ringelmann effect and social loafing | Steiner's model of potential and actual productivity, coordination and motivation losses with a worked example, the Ringelmann effect and social loafing. | 16 |
How the guide is worked
Answering a question from memory stores it far better than reading the answer again. The guide runs that as a fixed procedure on one subtopic at a time, about twenty minutes a session.
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Step 1 · Closed book
Cover the answers. Work through one subtopic and write down what you can. Leave blanks where you have nothing.
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Step 2 · Open book
Go back to the top. Read each printed answer and write it out in full, including the ones you had right.
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Step 3 · Closed book again
Same questions, same order, from memory. The gap between pass one and pass three is the session result.
Read the full method, the return schedule and the research behind it.
Nearby topics
AQA A-Level Physical Education Active Recall Guide
Every topic, not just this one. 2,084 questions with their answers.