Look inside the OCR A-Level Physical Education guide (H555)

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Look inside the OCR A-Level Physical Education guide

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OCR · A-Level · H555
Physical Education
Active Recall Guide
2,133 questions
Physical EducationContents
Contents
36 topics, 148 subtopics
  1. Skeletal and Muscular Systems79
  2. The Cardiovascular System72
  3. The Respiratory System60
  4. Energy for Exercise87
  5. Environmental Effects on Body Systems44
  6. Diet, Nutrition and Ergogenic Aids78
  7. Aerobic Training60
  8. Strength and Flexibility Training76
  9. Periodisation of Training42
  10. Training and Lifestyle Diseases42
  11. Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation78
  12. Biomechanical Principles and Levers76
  13. and 24 more
ii
The Cardiovascular SystemQuestions
The Cardiovascular System
Heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output at rest
  1. Define heart rate and give a typical resting value.
  2. Define stroke volume and give a typical resting value.
  3. Define cardiac output and give a typical resting value.
  4. State the equation linking cardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate.
  5. Why does the left ventricle have a thicker wall than the right ventricle?
  6. A performer's pulse is counted as 18 beats in 15 seconds. What is the resting heart rate?
  7. A performer has a resting heart rate of 72 bpm and a stroke volume of 70 ml. What is the cardiac output?
  8. A performer's resting cardiac output is 5.6 L/min and heart rate is 80 bpm. Calculate the stroke volume.
  9. A trained rower has a resting stroke volume of 90 ml and a resting cardiac output of 5.4 L/min. What is the resting heart rate?
12
The Cardiovascular SystemAnswers
Answers
Heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output at rest
  1. Heart rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute. A typical resting value for an untrained adult is about 70–72 bpm.
  2. Stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle in each contraction. A typical resting value is about 70 ml.
  3. Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle each minute. The typical resting value is about 5 L/min.
  4. Cardiac output equals stroke volume multiplied by heart rate. The equation is Q = SV × HR.
  5. The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood through the aorta to the whole body. The thicker muscular wall generates the higher pressure this needs.
  6. The resting heart rate is 72 bpm. The count × 4 gives 18 × 4 = 72 beats per minute.
  7. The cardiac output is 5.04 L/min. Stroke volume × heart rate = 70 ml × 72 bpm = 5,040 ml/min.
  8. The stroke volume is 70 ml. Cardiac output ÷ heart rate = 5,600 ml ÷ 80 = 70 ml.
  9. The resting heart rate is 60 bpm. Cardiac output ÷ stroke volume = 5,400 ml ÷ 90 ml = 60 bpm.
13
Skill Classification, Practice and TransferQuestions
Skill Classification, Practice and Transfer
Classifying skills by muscular involvement, continuity and organisation
  1. What is a gross skill?
  2. What is a fine skill?
  3. Justify placing a snooker shot towards the fine end of the muscular involvement continuum.
  4. Why might a cricket spin bowler's delivery sit in the middle of the muscular involvement continuum?
  5. What is a discrete skill?
  6. What is a serial skill?
  7. What is a continuous skill?
  8. Justify placing a gymnastics floor routine on the continuity continuum.
  9. Why is front crawl swimming classed as a continuous skill?
34
Skill Classification, Practice and TransferAnswers
Answers
Classifying skills by muscular involvement, continuity and organisation
  1. A gross skill uses large muscle groups to produce big, powerful movements. Precision is less important than force.
  2. A fine skill uses small muscle groups to produce small, precise movements. Accuracy and control matter more than force.
  3. The shot relies on small, precise movements of the hands and fingers to control the cue. Only a small amount of force is needed.
  4. The run-up and bowling action use large muscle groups. The fingers and wrist make fine movements to impart spin.
  5. A discrete skill has a clear beginning and a clear end. A penalty kick in football is a discrete skill.
  6. A serial skill is a series of discrete skills linked together in a set order. The triple jump is a serial skill of a hop, a step and a jump.
  7. A continuous skill has no clear beginning or end. The end of one movement cycle is the start of the next, as in cycling.
  8. A floor routine is a serial skill, because it links discrete elements such as a round-off and a flic-flac in order. Each element has its own clear start and finish.
  9. The arm and leg actions repeat in cycles with no obvious start or end point. Each stroke cycle flows straight into the next.
35
Stress ManagementQuestions
Stress Management
Stress and stressors in sport
  1. Define stress.
  2. Define the term stressor.
  3. What is the difference between eustress and distress?
  4. Why can eustress improve performance?
  5. How can competition itself cause stress?
  6. How can conflict cause stress in a team?
  7. How can frustration act as a stressor?
  8. How can the climate or playing environment cause stress?
  9. How can spectators become a source of stress?
56
Stress ManagementAnswers
Answers
Stress and stressors in sport
  1. Stress is the body's response to a demand placed on it. Stress arises when the demand seems to exceed the performer's ability to cope.
  2. A stressor is anything that causes stress. Stressors can come from competition, other people, the environment or the performer's own thoughts.
  3. Eustress is positive stress that challenges and motivates a performer. Distress is negative stress that causes anxiety and harms performance.
  4. Eustress raises arousal to a helpful level and sharpens focus. Some performers actively seek the challenge of a pressure situation.
  5. Competition brings the chance of failure in front of others. Important events such as finals raise the stakes further.
  6. Disagreement with teammates or the coach creates tension. Conflict can distract a performer from the task.
  7. Frustration arises when a performer is blocked from reaching a goal. Poor form, injury or unfair decisions can all cause frustration.
  8. Extreme heat, cold or rain makes performance harder. An unfamiliar venue can add to the pressure.
  9. A large or hostile crowd can make a performer fear being judged. The expectations of fans and family add further pressure.
57
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2,133
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148 subtopics

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2,133 questions
Across 148 subtopics, every one of them from specification H555.
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How the guide is worked

Answering a question from memory stores it far better than reading the answer again. The guide runs that as a fixed procedure on one subtopic at a time, about twenty minutes a session.

  1. Step 1 · Closed book

    Cover the answers. Work through one subtopic and write down what you can. Leave blanks where you have nothing.

  2. Step 2 · Open book

    Go back to the top. Read each printed answer and write it out in full, including the ones you had right.

  3. Step 3 · Closed book again

    Same questions, same order, from memory. The gap between pass one and pass three is the session result.

Read the full method, the return schedule and the research behind it.

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